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18 Πέμπτη Σεπτ. 2014
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30 Σάββατο Αυγ. 2014
Posted Θεματα Ψυχολογιας
inΕτικέτες
Τα γνωστικά σφάλματα που πρώτη ανέδειξε η Μορφολογική Ψυχολογία (Gestalt) στο επίπεδο της αντίληψης φυσικών γεγονότων (αμφίσημες μορφές, πλάνη των αισθήσεων με το κύπελλο του Rubin, χιμαιρικές μορφές κλπ) υπήρξαν μια επιστημονική επανάσταση, γιατί κατάφεραν ένα ισχυρό πλήγμα στην ευρύτατα διαδεδομένη άποψη του Εμπειρισμού (Locke ) που θεωρούσε ως apriori αρχή πώς
“Υπάρχει μια και αντικειμενική πραγματικότητα την οποία μπορούμε να αντιληφθούμε (per se) με την βοήθεια των αισθήσεων μας”.
Τα πορίσματα της Μορφολογικής Ψυχολογίας έγιναν αντικείμενο σκληρής κριτικής γιατί ενώ θεωρητικά ήταν άριστα τεκμηριωμένα, δεν αφορούσαν παρά απλοϊκά ψυχολογικά-γνωστικά φαινόμενα που είχαν να κάνουν με αντίληψη φυσικών και όχι κοινωνικών φαινομένων.
Από την αντίδραση αυτή γεννήθηκε τόσο η σχολή της Γνωστικής Ψυχολογίας όσο και αυτή της Κοινωνικής Νόησης.
Η Κοινωνική ψυχολογία από την άλλη αναφέρει ότι οι άνθρωποι ενεργούμε ως “απλοικοί σοφοί”, παρατηρούμε ανθρώπινες συμπεριφορές και τις αποδίδουμε στα εσωτερικά -ψυχολογικά χαρακτηριστικά του ατόμου ή της ομάδας υπαγωγής του. Συμπερασματικά λοιπών τα γνωστικά σφάλματα επενεργούν σε δύο επίπεδα:
H μελέτη των γνωστικών σφαλμάτων μας διδάσκει:
25 Παρασκευή Νοέ. 2011
Posted Uncategorized
in25 Παρασκευή Νοέ. 2011
13 Σάββατο Αυγ. 2011
Ετικέτες
13 Σάββατο Αυγ. 2011
Posted Uncategorized
in25 Τρίτη Ιαν. 2011
Posted Θεματα Ψυχολογιας
inBy Margarita Tartakovsky, M.S.
Eugenics & The Story of Carrie BuckPsychology has a fascinating and rich history, filled with amazing advances. But it wasn’t all progress. Psychology has a painful past — with many victims.
One of the most devastating times in psychology was a movement called eugenics, a name coined by Sir Francis Galton in 1883. The goal of eugenics was to improve the genetic composition of the population: to encourage healthy, smart individuals to reproduce (called positive eugenics) and to discourage the poor, who were considered unintelligent and unfit, from reproducing (negative eugenics).
One of the main methods to discourage reproduction was through sterilization. While it seems ludicrous now, many people, both abroad and in the U.S., agreed with the principles of eugenics.
In fact, state governments soon started establishing sterilization laws. In 1907, Indiana was the first state to legalize sterilization.
According to scientist Stephen Jay Gould in Natural History:
“Sterilization could be imposed upon those judged insane, idiotic, imbecilic, or moronic, and upon convicted rapists or criminals when recommended by a board of experts.”
While sterilization laws were in place in many states, they weren’t really used. According to Harry H. Laughlin, director of the Eugenics Record Office and a major player in the eugenics movement, that was because the laws were either too confusing or too poorly written to be constitutional.Link
12 Τετάρτη Ιαν. 2011
Posted Θεματα Ψυχολογιας
in02 Κυριακή Ιαν. 2011
Posted Δυνητικες κοινοτητες
inThe stats helper monkeys at WordPress.com mulled over how this blog did in 2010, and here’s a high level summary of its overall blog health:
The Blog-Health-o-Meter™ reads This blog is doing awesome!.
A helper monkey made this abstract painting, inspired by your stats.
A Boeing 747-400 passenger jet can hold 416 passengers. This blog was viewed about 4,400 times in 2010. That’s about 11 full 747s.
In 2010, there were 51 new posts, growing the total archive of this blog to 82 posts. There were 44 pictures uploaded, taking up a total of 2mb. That’s about 4 pictures per month.
The busiest day of the year was June 14th with 55 views. The most popular post that day was Eρευνα στη χρήση του Linkedin.
Ενα μεγάλο Ευχαριστώ σε όλους εσάς τους «δυνητικούς» επισκέπτες της παρούσας ιστοσελίδας.
16 Πέμπτη Δεκ. 2010
Small businesses, while not yet at the usage levels of their larger counterparts, are warming up to social media marketing, according to a fall 2010 survey from small-business marketing firm Constant Contact.The businesses surveyed overwhelmingly considered word-of-mouth the most important marketing tactic for finding new customers, but that figure includes discussions that take place both online and offline. Websites and email marketing followed as the only other tactics a majority of small businesses said were “very important.”Overall, websites and email were rated the most important marketing tool for business promotion, with more than nine in 10 small businesses surveyed citing both. Facebook took a distant third, at 63%, but that was up from 50.5% in a March 2010 survey from Constant Contact. Twitter’s importance was rated relatively low, at just 31%, but that too was up from March (25.6%).Link